How to Learn to Say Useful Phrases in Esperanto

Step-by-Step Guide

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   Step 1: Understand the alphabet: A (as in father)

   bonaj amikoj). , For instance 'La amiko trinkas la varman lakton' (The friend drinks the warm milk.
   
   What is the friend drinking? the warm milk) Beware of copula verbs (such as 'esti'
   
   which is 'is' in English), these turn out predicate nouns rather than direct objects, which do not take an '-n'. ,,,,, This is for issuing commands.
   
   Example: 'Trinku la lakton!' (Drink the milk!) ,, (e.g.
   
   La mia bluas, la via ruĝas. "Mine is blue, yours is red".) , The
   -i gets taken off of the verb and replaced with –as.
   
   Example: 'La amiko trinkas la lakton.' (The friend drinks the milk.) , Example: 'La amiko trinkis la lakton' (The friend drank the milk.) , Example: 'La amiko trinkos la lakton' (The friend will drink the milk.) , “Vi odoras kiel krokodilo.” (You smell like a crocodile.) ”Kiam flugos porkoj.” (When pigs fly.) , “Mi bedaŭras, mi mortigis vian katon ĝenan kaj bruan” (I’m sorry, I killed your annoying, noisy cat.) Note that word order is relatively free in Esperanto.
   
   Example: 'Mi vin amas'
   
   'Mi amas vin'
   
   'Vin amas mi'
   
   'amas mi vin' all mean 'I love you'.
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   Step 2: B (as in “boot”)

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   Step 3: C (like the TS in rats)

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   Step 4: Ĉ (as in “cello”)

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   Step 5: D (as in “dog”)

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   Step 6: E (as in pet)

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   Step 7: F (as in “fly”) G (as in “get”) Ĝ (as in “germ”)

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   Step 8: H (as in “help”)

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   Step 9: Ĥ (as the CH in “Bach”)

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    Step 10: I (as in “pink”)

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    Step 11: J (as the Y in yet)

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    Step 12: Ĵ (as the S in measure)

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    Step 13: K (as in “kangaroo”)

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    Step 14: L (as in “little”)

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    Step 15: M (as in “milk”)

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    Step 16: N (as in “no”)

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    Step 17: O (as in “note”)

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    Step 18: P (as in “pick”)

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    Step 19: R (with a very slight burr)

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    Step 20: S (as in “silly”)

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    Step 21: Ŝ (as in “sugar”)

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    Step 22: T (as in “time”)

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    Step 23: U (as in “rude”)

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    Step 24: Ŭ (as the W in “water”)

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    Step 25: V (as in “Viking”)

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    Step 26: and Z (as in “zip”).

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    Step 27: Learn a few nouns: “amiko” friend

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    Step 28: “kato” cat

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    Step 29: “libro” book

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    Step 30: and “viro” man

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    Step 31: and “aŭto” car.

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    Step 32: Add a -j onto nouns and any adjectives describing it to form the plural (e.g.

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    Step 33: Then add -N onto the Direct Object nouns of the verb and any adjectives describing them.

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    Step 34: Learn a few adjectives: “longa” long

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    Step 35: “nova” new

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    Step 36: “pura” clean

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    Step 37: and “varma” warm.

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    Step 38: Put MAL- before the adjective attached to the adjective to make it mean the opposite: “mallonga” short

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    Step 39: “malnova” old

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    Step 40: “malpura” dirty

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    Step 41: and “malvarma” cold.

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    Step 42: Learn adverbs: “aktive” actively

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    Step 43: “rapide” rapidly

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    Step 44: “silente” quietly

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    Step 45: and “zorgeme” carefully

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    Step 46: Learn verbs: “esti” to be

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    Step 47: “havi” to have

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    Step 48: “mortigi” to kill

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    Step 49: “lerni” to learn

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    Step 50: and “povi” to be able to

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    Step 51: Conjugate verbs into the imperative by removing the –i and replacing it with –u.

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    Step 52: Remember the pronouns for I

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    Step 53: you (singular & plural)

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    Step 54: he/she/it

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    Step 55: and them

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    Step 56: which are mi

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    Step 57: li/ ŝi/ ĝi

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    Step 58: Add an –a onto each pronoun to make it possessive.

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    Step 59: Use present conjugation with verbs.

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    Step 60: Use past conjugation with verbs by removing the -i and adding -is.

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    Step 61: Use future conjugation with verbs by replacing –i with –os.

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    Step 62: Memorize these useful phrases: “Kion diable vi surhavas?” (What the heck are you wearing.)

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    Step 63: Form your own sentences (e.g.

Detailed Guide

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